Background: Anti-THYROID peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO antibody) is a member of THYROID autoantibodies which are important in inducing and also diagnosing autoimmune THYROID diseases. THYROID autoimmunity can cause several forms of THYROIDitis and abnormal THYROID FUNCTIONs, ranging from hypoTHYROIDism to hyperTHYROIDism. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between serum levels of anti-TPO antibody and THYROID FUNCTION test parameters (T3, T4, and TSH) in patients with THYROID disease. Methods: In 2425 subjects suspected of having THYROID disease referred to Yazd central medical laboratory by physicians during a 2 year period, the concentrations of serum anti-TPO antibody (ELISA) and T3, T4, and TSH (RIA) were measured. Results: 53.53% of the patients were 20 to 39 years old. 2135 patients (88.04%) were female and 290 (11.96%) were male. The levels of T3, T4, and TSH in individuals with normal and raised anti-TPO antibody titers was significantly different (P<0.0001). A correlation between TSH and T4 levels and abnormal anti-TPO antibody was detected (P=0.002). Conclusion: Our results confirm the correlation between THYROID FUNCTION test and anti-TPO antibody values, indicating the clinical significance of this antibody and suggesting a through clinical examination and follow up of individuals with high anti-TPO antibody titer.      

Background: The association between the THYROID echo pattern and THYROID FUNCTION has an important impact on the diagnosis and treatment of THYROID diseases in children. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare THYROID parenchymal echogenicity with THYROID FUNCTION tests and evaluate the value of a THYROID ultrasound (US) in predicting THYROID FUNCTION parameters in the pediatric population. Methods: A total of 434 children (age range: 5-18 years,mean age: 13. 18, 3. 42 years) were categorized into two groups based on the THYROID parenchymal appearance on the US as subjects with homogeneous (group 1) and heterogeneous (group 2) echo patterns. THYROID-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), thyroglobulin antibody (Tg-Ab), and thyroperoxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) levels were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Results: The levels of TSH, fT3, fT4, Tg-Ab, and TPO-Ab were significantly different between the two groups (P < 0. 0001). All THYROID FUNCTION tests were within normal ranges in 73. 4% (168/229) and 14. 6% (30/205) of children with homogeneous and heterogeneous echo patterns, respectively. The homogeneous THYROID gland on the US had 73. 8% sensitivity in predicting normal TSH and 100% sensitivity in predicting normal fT3andfT4. The sensitivity for predicting negative Tg-AbandTPO-Ab were 78. 7and85. 3%, respectively. Conclusions: The current study compared the homogeneous and heterogeneous THYROID echo patterns with the THYROID FUNCTION tests in children. The obtained results confirmed the value of the THYROID US in predicting THYROID FUNCTION in the pediatric population.

A close association between THYROID problems and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been recently raised suggesting common pathophysiological link between the two disease conditions. The present study aimed to assess the status of THYROID hormones in women with PCOS with the aim of clarifying the link between PCOS and THYROID abnormalities. This cross-sectional study was performed on 87 consecutive women aged 31 to 50 years finally diagnosed as PCOS based on the Rotterdam diagnostic criteria. Venous blood sample was extracted from all subjects to determine the levels of fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1C, serum insulin level and also THYROID hormones in a single laboratory. The mean serum level of TSH was 3. 02± 1. 19 μ IU/ml, the mean level of T4 was 7. 22± 1. 81 μ g/dl, and the mean level of T3 was 1. 23± 0. 18 ng/ml. Based on the normal values of THYROID hormones, none of the PCOS patients had abnormal levels of TSH and T3 hormones. Also, normal level of T4 was revealed in 90. 8% of patients, while only 6. 9% and 2. 3% had T4 level lower than and higher than the normal range respectively. Using the correlation tests, none of the THYROID hormones was linearly associated with age, weight, BMI, the value of FBS or the levels of lipid profiles. The high prevalence rate of overweight to obesity (97. 7%), hypertriglyceridemia (65. 5%), and uncontrolled glycemic status (21. 8%) were prominent in PCOS women. In our observation, we found no significant link between abnormal changes in THYROID hormone and PCOS.

The relationship between THYROID disorders and glaucoma is not clear. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of THYROID FUNCTIONal disorders in patients with glaucoma.Materials and Methods: 201 patients with glaucoma referring to Farabi Hospital were selected using simple non-random sampling. Intra ocular pressure (IOP) was measured and THYROID FUNCTION tests (TFT) were done and the patients were divided into different groups according to their THYROID FUNCTION status (hypo-,eu-and hyperTHYROID).Results: Mean age of the patients was 54±17 years. Of the patients, 26.9% had open angle glaucoma (OAG), and the remaining had non-open angle glaucoma (NOAG). Of 201 patients, 8 cases (4%) were hypoTHYROID and 17 cases (8.5%) were hyperTHYROID. The mean intraocular pressures of the hypo-, eu- and hyperthroids were 18.1±9.3, 16.8±3.7 and 14.2±3.3 mmHg, respectively, which showed no significant difference. Mean IOP in patients with goiter was significantly lower than in those without goiter (16.0±5 vs.17.1±7 mmHg, p<0.05). No significant difference in the prevalence of THYROID disorders was found between those with OAG and NOAG.Conclusions: Compared to other studies the prevalence of THYROID disorders in patients with glaucoma is higher than that of the normal population. Our findings controvert the results of some other studies, in which higher prevalence of hypoTHYROIDism in OAG than that of NOAG was observed.